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Fig. 2. MT-MMP expression during neovessel formation in vivo and ex vivo. (A) Neocapillary formation was induced in vivo in type I collagen gel implants containing a VEGF slow-release polymer. Neovessels are indicated by arrows. Bar, 1 mm. (B) Whole-cell mount of neovessels infiltrating the collagen gel implant stained for 
-gal and CD31. In neovessels, nuclear -gal staining was predominately associated with the advancing tip of the blood vessels (arrows, left panel), which are pointed at by arrows in the accompanying tracing (right panel). Bar, 0.25 mm. (C) Muscle explants derived from MT1-MMP+/lacZ mice were embedded in 3D collagen gels and neovessel formation was induced with a growth factor cocktail. In the left panel, the advancing tip of CD31-positive neovessels (arrowheads) exhibit strong -gal staining (arrows). Following staining for type IV collagen (right panel), the advancing endothelial cell tips (arrows) were largely poor of type IV collagen, whereas the neovessel stalk is strongly positive of type IV collagen (arrowheads). Bars, 0.25 mm. (D) Neovessel number per explant was quantified at day 7 by phase-contrast microscopy and the numbers of tubes with either tip-specific (i.e. within two cells of the neovessel tip) or pan-vessel (i.e. neovessels staining with two or more endothelial stalk cells) -gal staining was determined (*P<0.01, F-test).
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