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Figure 5


Fig. 5. Effects of TGFß superfamily signaling on ES cell proliferation in serum-free conditions. (A) Effects of various TGFß superfamily molecules on Smad2 phosphorylation in EB5 ES cells. EB5 cells were treated with the indicated factors for 1 hour, and subjected to western blot analysis using anti-phospho-Smad2 antibody (upper panel) and anti-Smad2/3 antibody (lower panel). (B) Colony morphologies of EB5 ES cells in serum-free medium supplemented with various TGFß superfamily molecules. EB5 colonies were grown for 7 days in serum-free medium supplemented with no factor (as control), 30 ng/ml activin, 1 µg/ml Nodal, 2 µg/ml Nodal or 30 ng/ml BMP-4. Numbers indicate numbers of colonies appearing (n=3). Bars, 5 mm. (C,D) Relative numbers of cells treated with TGFß superfamily molecules present on Day 3 (C) and Day 7 (D) of culture compared with that at Day 0. Each bar represents the mean ± s.e.m. (n=4).





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