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Fig. 3. Shift from smaller to larger L1ir synapses in NP-/- mice. (A) The stratum radiatum was divided into three regions, proximal (prox.), middle (mid.) and distal (dist.), according to distance from the CA1 soma. In NP+/+ mice (open bars), the mean cross-sectional spine head area of L1ir (L1) synapses is significantly smaller than that of L1ir-negative (L1neg) synapses in all regions of the stratum radiatum. The mean spine head area of L1ir synapses is larger in NP-/- mice (filled bars) than in NP+/+ mice (open bars), especially in the proximal region. *P<0.05; **P<0.001. (B) The distribution of spine head area in the proximal region of L1ir synapses and L1ir-negative synapses in NP+/+ and NP-/- mice. In NP+/+ mice, L1ir synapses were significantly smaller than L1ir-negative synapses (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, P<0.03). In NP-/- mice, the distribution of L1ir synapses shifted to a larger size, comparable with that of L1ir-negative synapses. (C) The mean cross-sectional PSD length of L1ir synapses was significantly smaller than that of L1ir-negative synapses in NP+/+ (open) and NP-/- (closed) mice, except in the proximal region where the length of L1ir synapses in NP-/- mice was significantly larger than that in NP+/+ mice and comparable with the level in L1ir-negative synapses (P>0.55). *P<0.05; **P<0.001.