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Fig. 7. Hypothetical model of dense-core vesicle docking mediated by Rab3A, Rab27A,and their effectors. At least seven Rab effectors (Rim1, Rim2, rabphilin, Noc2, Slp4-a, Slp5 and Slac2-c) are known to be expressed in endocrine cells. Three of them (rabphilin, Noc2 and Slp4-a) are capable of interacting with both Rab3A and Rab27A (Coppola et al., 2002; Fukuda et al., 2002; Haynes et al., 2001; Kotake et al., 1997; Kuroda et al., 2002a; Shirataki et al., 1993; Yi et al., 2002), whereas Rim interacts only with Rab3A (Fukuda, 2004; Fukuda, 2003a); Slac2-c and Slp5 specifically interact with Rab27A (Fukuda and Kuroda, 2002; Kuroda et al., 2002b). These Rab effectors simultaneously bind Rab27A on vesicle and plasma membrane proteins, plasma membrane-associated proteins or actin (see the text for details), and might be involved in the docking of dense-core vesicles to the plasma membrane (An and Almers, 2004; Betz et al., 2001; Cheviet et al., 2004a; Coppola et al., 2002; Desnos et al., 2003; Fukuda et al., 2003b; Fukuda et al., 2005; Imai et al., 2004; Torii et al., 2004; Tsuboi and Fukuda, 2005; Waselle et al., 2003).

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