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Fig. 1. Poleward MT flux in a metaphase-stage mitotic spindle. Flux occurs on both kMTs (red lines) and non-kMTs (blue lines) in the spindle. Tubulin subunits are incorporated into polymer at MT plus-ends and removed at their minus-ends focused at the spindle poles. Arrows within the red and blue lines indicate the direction of continuous ATP-dependent polymer movement. kMT plus-end assembly stops at the transition to anaphase (although there are exceptions to this rule) (Chen and Zhang, 2004; LaFountain et al., 2004) (see text). Astral MTs (green lines), whose minus-ends are embedded in the centrosomes, do not flux. Orange arrows above the spindle indicate the poleward direction of force exerted by flux on each sister kinetochore. Likewise, opposing blue arrows indicate the metaphase plateward direction of force exerted by flux on each spindle pole. Importantly, the major source of MT assembly dynamics in the spindle is plus-end dynamic instability, which is not shown here for simplicity.





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