Fig. 8. Cellular localisation of JNK changes upon phosphorylation. NEB-1 wild-type cells (A,B,E,F) and KEB-7 mutant K14 cells (C,D,G,H) were subjected to hypo-osmotic shock and stained for JNK (A,B,C,D) and phospho-JNK (E,F,G,H). In wild-type cells, native JNK was localized at the cell periphery, in a pattern typical of focal adhesions (A), but, upon phosphorylation, JNK left the focal adhesions and moved to the nucleus (B). In the mutant cells, nuclear JNK was detectable even before osmotic shock (C). Phospho-JNK (pJNK) was absent in wild-type cells before osmotic shock (E) and was only detectable after the shock (F); but it was constitutively present in mutant cells even before osmotic shock (G). Bar, 10 µm.

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