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The nuclear pore complex: mediator of translocation between nucleus and cytoplasm

T. D. Allen¹, J. M. Cronshaw¹, S. Bagley¹, E. Kiseleva² and M. W. Goldberg¹

^{1CRC Structural Cell Biology Group, Paterson Institute, Christie Hospital, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK}

^{Nuclear Import}

^{A schematic representation of nuclear import through the NPC. The transport receptor and import substrate form a complex in the cytoplasm where RanGTP levels are low. This complex is translocated through the NPC. Nuclear RanGTP induces the dissociation of the import cargo from its receptor (and, in some cases, dissociation of the receptor from the NPC). The transport receptor is recycled to the nucleus, probably as a complex with RanGTP.}

^{Nuclear Export}

^{A schematic representation of nuclear export through the NPC. The transport receptor and export substrate form a complex in the nucleus with RanGTP. This complex is exported from the nucleus and dissociated in the cytoplasm by hydrolysis of Ran-bound GTP to GDP. This releases the export substrate and the transport receptor is recycled into the nucleas.}

^{Ran Cycle}

^{he small GTPase Ran, in its GTP-bound form, is constantly exported from the nucleus in complexes with transport receptors. RanGTP hydrolysis in the cytoplasm is accomplished by RanGAP and RanBP1/RanBP2. RanGDP can then bind its import receptor NTF2 which mediates its import into the nucleus. In the nucleus, RCC1 mediates exchange of GDP for GTP and restores Ran to its GTP-bound state.}

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