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Vesicular transport: the core machinery of COPI recruitment and budding

Biochemie-Zentrum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

View larger version (61K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Coat protein composition of COPI vesicles. The COPI coat consists of a heptameric protein complex termed coatomer and the small GTPase ARF1. Established subcomplexes as well as known interactions between the coat components are indicated.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. The core machinery of COPI recruitment to membranes, coat polymerization, vesicular budding and uncoating. Recruitment of coat proteins is initiated by ARF-GDP binding to p23 (1). Upon nucleotide exchange, ARF-GTP dissociates from p23 resulting in its stable association with the membrane (2). Multiple cycles of GTP hydrolysis and GDP to GTP exchange are likely to occur (grey box, see text for details), possibly causing rearrangements of p23/p24 oligomers (3). The products of these processes are ARF-GTP and presumably a p23/p24 heterooligomer, which triggers coatomer binding and coat polymerization (4). Following budding (5), the catalytic domain of ARF-GAP is sufficient to trigger uncoating (6). Active components are shown in green; inactive components are shown in red.