|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| Home Help Feedback Subscriptions Archive Search Table of Contents | |||||
Journal of Cell Science, Vol 35, Issue 1 87-104, Copyright © 1979 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
RB Nicklas, BR Brinkley, DA Pepper, DF Kubai and GK Rickards
A new method is offered for combined living cell and electron-microscopic studies of spermatocytes (or other cells) which normally do not adhere to glass. The key step is micro-injection of glutaraldehyde near the target cell whenever desired during observation in life. Fixation begins and simultaneously the cell is stuck very firmly to the underlying coverslip. The method is easy and reliable: cells are almost never lost and are well preserved, except for membranes. The application of the method is illustrated by studies of micromanipulated grasshopper spermatocytes. A chromosome was detached from the spindle and placed in the cytoplasm. Before or after the beginning of chromosome movement back toward the spindle, the cell was fixed, sectioned and the manipulated chromosome observed in the electron microscope. If the detached chromosome had not moved by the time of fixation, no or only one or two microtubules were seen at its kinetochore, but if movement had occurred, a few microtubules were always present. The arrangement of these microtubules corresponded to the direction of movement, but they commonly were at an unusual angle relative to the kinetochore. The origin and role in chromosome movement of the microtubules seen near moving chromosomes far from the spindle is not yet established, but a speculation is offered. A goal for future work is the detailed analysis of the microtubules associated with individual moving chromosomes. Such an analysis is feasible because the moving chromosome is far removed from the confusing mass of spindle microtubules, and its value is enhanced because the direction of movement at the time of fixation is known.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. B. Alsop and D. Zhang Microtubules continuously dictate distribution of actin filaments and positioning of cell cleavage in grasshopper spermatocytes J. Cell Sci., March 15, 2004; 117(8): 1591 - 1602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. B. Alsop and D. Zhang Microtubules are the only structural constituent of the spindle apparatus required for induction of cell cleavage J. Cell Biol., August 4, 2003; 162(3): 383 - 390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. King, T. S. Hays, and R. B. Nicklas Dynein Is a Transient Kinetochore Component Whose Binding Is Regulated by Microtubule Attachment, Not Tension J. Cell Biol., November 13, 2000; 151(4): 739 - 748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. King and R. Nicklas Tension on chromosomes increases the number of kinetochore microtubules but only within limits J. Cell Sci., January 11, 2000; 113(21): 3815 - 3823. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Nicklas, M. Campbell, S. Ward, and G. Gorbsky Tension-sensitive kinetochore phosphorylation in vitro J. Cell Sci., January 11, 1998; 111(21): 3189 - 3196. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Nicklas, L. Krawitz, and S. Ward Odd chromosome movement and inaccurate chromosome distribution in mitosis and meiosis after treatment with protein kinase inhibitors J. Cell Sci., January 4, 1993; 104(4): 961 - 973. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
