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First published online April 5, 2005
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.02332
Commentary |
1 Department of Dermatology, Tenon Hospital and UPRES EA2396, Saint-Antoine School of Medicine, Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI) University, 75020 Paris, France
2 Division of Genetics, Tufts-New England Medical Center, 750 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: dbianchi{at}tufts-nemc.org)
Fetal cells circulate in pregnant women and persist in blood and tissue for decades post-partum. The mother thus becomes chimeric. Factors that may influence such fetal cell microchimerism include histocompatibility, fetal or placental abnormalities, or a reproductive history that includes miscarriage or elective termination. Fetal cell microchimerism is associated with some maternal autoimmune diseases, such as systemic sclerosis. Moreover, a novel population of fetal cells, the pregnancy-associated progenitor cells (PAPCs), appears to differentiate in diseased or injured maternal tissue. The cellular origin of these cells is at present unknown but could be a hematopoietic stem cell, a mesenchymal stem cell, or a novel cell type. Pregnancy therefore results in the acquisition of cells with stem-cell-like properties that may influence maternal health post-partum. Rather than triggering disease, these cells may instead combat it.
Key words: Stem cells, Pregnancy, Fetus, Fetal cell microchimerism, Pregnancy-associated progenitor cells
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