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First published online July 31, 2003
doi: 10.1242/10.1242/jcs.00674
Commentary |
Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
* Author for correspondence (e-mail: kikutani{at}ragtime.biken.osaka-u.ac.jp)
The semaphorin family comprises soluble and membrane-bound proteins originally identified as axonal guidance cues that function during neuronal development. Emerging evidence suggests that a subset of semaphorins, called 'immune semaphorins', function in the immune system. The class IV semaphorins Sema4D/CD100 and Sema4A use CD72 and Tim-2, respectively, as receptors during immune responses; these receptors comprise a set distinct from those used by semaphorins in the nervous system. Sema4D/CD100, which is expressed constitutively by T cells, is involved in the activation of B cells and dendritic cells, whereas Sema4A is preferentially expressed on B cells and dendritic cells, and is involved in the activation of T cells. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests that some other semaphorins, including viral-encoded semaphorins, might also play important roles in the immune system.
Key words: Sema4D/CD100, Sema4A, CD72, Tim-2, Plexin
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