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Journal of Cell Science, Vol 113, Issue 16 2887-2895, Copyright © 2000 by Company of Biologists
JOURNAL ARTICLES |
J Plassat, L Penna, P Chambon and C Rochette-Egly
Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP/College de France, BP 163, CU de Strasbourg, France.
In monolayers cultures, retinoic acid (RA) induces the differentiation of F9 embryonal carcinomal (EC) cells into primitive endoderm-like cells, while a combination of RA and dibutyryl cAMP leads to parietal endoderm-like differentiation. Knock out of all RARgamma isoforms (RARgamma(-/-) line) drastically impairs primitive and subsequent parietal endodermal differentiation and affects the induction of many endogenous RA-responsive genes. Using lines that reexpress RARgamma2 or overexpress RARalpha1 lacking their AF-2AD core (RARgammadeltaAF2 and RARalphadeltaAF2, respectively), we show that this conserved amphipatic alpha-helical motif (helix 12) of the ligand binding domain, and therefore the activation function AF-2 of both receptors, is required for the induction of differentiation and target gene expression upon RA treatment of F9 EC cells. We also show that these deletion mutants behave as dominant negatives.
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