Fig. 5. Injection of NOC-18 restores the toxic effects of KA in tPA^–/– mice. Wild-type and tPA^–/– mice were injected with either KA alone, 1 mM NOC-18 or both. At day 1, mice were sacrificed and treated as in Fig. 1. Cresyl Violet staining confirmed that tPA^–/– mice are resistant to KA-induced excitotoxicity, whereas wild-type mice are not. Injection of 1 mM NOC-18 alone has no affect on tPA^–/– mice. However, injection of 1 mM NOC-18 prior to KA injection restores the toxic effects of KA. n=9. Infusion of FeTMPyP prior to KA and NOC-18 injection is neuroprotective to hippocampal neurons (n=6).