Fig. 6. PI3K enhances keratinocyte motility. (A) Motility of mitomycin C-treated primary human keratinocytes after 12 hours or 60 hours of treatment with LY294002 in growth medium was monitored by in vitro scratch assay. (B) Immunofluorescence staining of DMSO- and LY294002-treated primary human keratinocytes after scratch wounding using an antibody against phosphorylated Akt. (C) Quantitative analysis of Transwell migration assays using 4-OHT- or solvent-treated Myr-p110^*-mER cell clones (left panel) or vector-transfected cells (right panel). Error bars in B and D indicate s.d. Significance was determined by one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-correction. ^*P<0.05; ^**P<0.01; ^*** P<0.001. (D) Explant cultures from back skin biopsies of 1-day-old mice were established (a) and treated with DMSO (b), rapamycin (c) or LY294002 (d) in combination with mitomycin C. 10 days after establishment of the culture, the biopsy was removed and the cells, which had grown out from the culture, were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and photographed.